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Divisions of 1 Gastroenterology and 3 Pathology, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; and 2 Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
Interactions
between epithelial cells and subepithelial myofibroblasts are
increasingly recognized as important in the regulation of epithelial
cell function. We have established primary cultures of subepithelial
myofibroblasts from adult human colonic mucosal samples denuded of
epithelial cells and maintained in culture. During culture of mucosal
tissue, subepithelial myofibroblasts migrated out via basement membrane
pores before establishment in culture. Despite prolonged culture and
passage, the myofibroblasts maintained their phenotype, as demonstrated
by expression of 
-smooth muscle actin and vimentin. The cells
expressed transcripts and protein for cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 enzymes, and their release of prostaglandin
E2
(PGE2) was inhibited by
selective COX-1 and -2 inhibitors. The myofibroblasts also expressed
the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins collagen type IV,
laminin-
1 and
-
1, and fibronectin. Adult
human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts may influence epithelial
cell function via products of COX-1 and -2 enzymes, such as
PGE2 and secreted ECM proteins.
basement membrane; collagen; laminin; prostaglandin
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