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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 274: G131-G137, 1998;
0193-1857/98 $5.00
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Vol. 274, Issue 1, G131-G137, January 1998

Parenteral nutrition selectively decreases protein synthesis in the small intestine

Mary A. Dudley1, Linda J. Wykes2, Alden W. Dudley Jr.3, Douglas G. Burrin1, Buford L. Nichols1, Judy Rosenberger1, Farook Jahoor1, William C. Heird1, and Peter J. Reeds1

1 United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030; 2 School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada H9X 3V9; and 3 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and New Jersey School of Dentistry and Medicine, Newark, New Jersey 07103

We investigated the effects of an elemental diet fed parenterally or enterally on total mucosal protein and lactase phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) synthesis. Catheters were placed in the stomach, jugular vein, and carotid artery of 12 3-day-old pigs. Half of the animals were given an elemental regimen enterally and the other half parenterally. Six days later, animals were infused intravenously with [2H3]leucine for 6 h and killed, and the midjejunum of each animal was collected for analysis. The weight of the midjejunum was 8 ± 1.5 and 17 ± 1.6 g in parenterally fed and enterally fed piglets, respectively. LPH activities (µmol · min-1 · g protein-1) were significantly higher in parenterally vs. enterally fed piglets. Total small intestinal LPH activities were lower in parenterally vs. enterally fed animals. The abundance of LPH mRNA relative to elongation factor-1alpha mRNA was not different between groups. The fractional synthesis rate of total mucosal protein and LPH was significantly lower in parenterally fed animals (67 ± 7 and 66 ± 7%/day, respectively) than in enterally fed animals (96 ± 7 and 90 ± 6%/day, respectively). The absolute synthesis rate (the amount of protein synthesized per gram of mucosa) of total mucosal protein was significantly lower in parenterally fed than in enterally fed piglets. However, the absolute synthesis rate of LPH was unaffected by the route of nutrient administration. These results suggest that the small intestine partially compensates for the effects of parenteral feeding by maintaining the absolute synthesis rate of LPH at the same levels as in enterally fed animals.

brush border; enteral; lactase phlorizin hydrolase


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