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1 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 381, 67200 Strasbourg, France; and 2 Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
The intestine is characterized by
morphofunctional differences along the proximodistal axis. The aim of
this study was to derive mesenchymal cell lines representative of the
gut axis. We isolated and cloned rat intestinal subepithelial
myofibroblasts raised from 8-day proximal jejunum, distal ileum, and
proximal colon lamina propria. Two clonal cell lines from each level of the gut were characterized. They 1)
express the specific markers vimentin, smooth muscle 
-actin, and
smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, revealed by immunofluorescence
microscopy and 2) distinctly support
endodermal cell growth in a coculture model, depending on their
regional origin, and 3) the clones
raised from the various proximodistal regions maintain the same pattern
of morphogenetic and growth and/or differentiation factor gene
expression as in vivo: hepatocyte growth and/or scatter factor
and transforming growth factor-
1 mRNAs analyzed by RT-PCR were more
abundant, in the colon and ileal clones and mucosal connective tissue,
respectively. In addition, epimorphin mRNA studied by
Northern blot was also the highest in one ileal clone, in which it was
selectively upregulated by all-trans retinoic acid (RA) treatment.
Epimorphin expression in isolated 8-day intestinal lamina propria was
higher in the distal small intestine and proximal colon than in the
proximal small intestine. In conclusion, we isolated and characterized homogeneous cell subtypes that can now be used to approach the molecular regulation of the epithelium-mesenchyme-dependent regional specificity along the gut.
intestinal mesenchyme cell lines; proximodistal axis; epithelium-mesenchyme interactions; growth and/or differentiation factors
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