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1 Department of Medicine and Cell Biology, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven 06516; and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510; and 2 Department of Medicine, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York 10021
The pathological
activation of zymogens within the pancreatic acinar cell plays a role
in acute pancreatitis. To identify the processing site where activation
occurs, antibodies to the trypsinogen activation peptide (TAP) were
used in immunofluorescence studies using frozen sections from rat
pancreas. Saline controls or animals receiving caerulein in amounts
producing physiological levels of pancreatic stimulation demonstrated
little or no TAP immunoreactivity. However, after caerulein
hyperstimulation (5 µg · kg
1 · h
1)
for 30 min and the induction of pancreatitis, TAP immunoreactivity appeared in a vesicular, supranuclear compartment that demonstrated no
overlap with zymogen granules. The number of vesicles and their size
increased with time. After 60 min of hyperstimulation with caerulein,
most of the TAP reactivity was localized within vacuoles
1 µm that
demonstrated immunoreactivity for the granule membrane protein
GRAMP-92, a marker for lysosomes and recycling endosomes. Pretreatment
with the protease inhibitor FUT-175 blocked the appearance of TAP
after hyperstimulation. These studies provide evidence that caerulein
hyperstimulation stimulates trypsinogen processing to trypsin in
distinct acinar cell compartments in a time-dependent manner.
pancreas; trypsin; protease inhibitor; trypsinogen activation peptide; trypsinogen
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