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Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Nitric oxide has been shown to be an inhibitory
neurotransmitter in the mammalian colon, although its role in colonic
transit remains unclear. We investigated the effect of the nitric oxide biosynthesis inhibitor
NG-nitro-L-arginine
methyl ester (L-NAME) on colonic
transit in conscious rats. Colonic transit was determined by
calculating the geometric center of the distribution of radiochromium
instilled into the proximal colon. We also studied the effect of
L-NAME on colonic motility in
vivo and on descending relaxation in vitro. L-NAME (10 mg/kg) significantly
delayed colonic transit compared with saline. The inhibitory effect of
L-NAME was prevented by L-arginine (100 mg/kg) but not
by D-arginine (100 mg/kg).
L-NAME (10 mg/kg) induced random
and uncoordinated phasic contractions throughout the rat colon in vivo.
Luminal distension evoked descending relaxation in the proximal and
distal rat colon in vitro.
L-NAME (10
4 M) significantly
inhibited this relaxation. It is suggested, therefore, that nitric
oxide enhances transit in the rat colon by mediating descending
relaxation, which, in turn, facilitates propulsion of the colonic contents.
descending relaxation; geometric center; giant contraction; phasic contraction; NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester
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