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Intestinal Disease Research Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L0N 3Z5
To reveal the unique intrinsic properties of
interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), morphological and
electrophysiological characteristics of isolated ICC from the adult
mouse small intestine were investigated and compared with those of
smooth muscle cells. All typical ultrastructural features of in situ
ICC were evident in isolated ICC throughout the isolation procedure and
short-term culture. With the use of the nystatin perforated patch-clamp
technique, ICC demonstrated spontaneous voltage oscillations that were
not abolished by hyperpolarization nor by L-type calcium channel
blockers. This rhythmic activity occurred at room temperature at a
frequency of 13.9 ± 11.2 cycles/min, with an amplitude
of 13.4 ± 11.2 mV at membrane potentials from 
20 to
70 mV. Smooth muscle cells from the same culture only generated
voltage-sensitive action potentials above the threshold potential of
35 mV. Hyperpolarization as well as the addition of L-type
calcium channel blockers abolished the action potentials. In whole cell
voltage-clamp recordings from ICC, a large noninactivating outward
current was observed to be activated (5% threshold) at 49.6 mV
with a half-activation voltage of 18.7 mV and slope factor of
9.9 mV. In contrast, in smooth muscle cells, smaller outward currents
with distinctive transient outward currents were present. In
conclusion, the generation of L-type calcium channel blocker-insensitive slow waves in membrane potential is a unique intrinsic property of ICC.
pacemaker; smooth muscle; patch clamp; ultrastructure
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