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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 279: G437-G447, 2000;
0193-1857/00 $5.00
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Vol. 279, Issue 2, G437-G447, August 2000

Dynamic regulation of mucus gel thickness in rat duodenum

Yasutada Akiba1,2, Paul H. Guth3, Eli Engel4, Igor Nastaskin5, and Jonathan D. Kaunitz1,2,3

3 Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 1 CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, and 2 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, and 4 Department of Biomathematics, 5 College of Letters and Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90073

We examined the dynamic regulation of mucus gel thickness (MGT) in vivo in rat duodenum in response to luminal acid, cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition, and exogenous PGE2. An in vivo microscopic technique was used to measure MGT with fluorescent microspheres in urethan-anesthetized rats. Duodenal mucosa was topically superfused with pH 7.0 or pH 2.2 solutions with or without PGE2 and indomethacin treatments. Glycoprotein concentration of duodenal loop perfusates was measured with periodic acid/Schiff (PAS) or Alcian blue (AB) staining. MGT and perfusate glycoprotein concentration were stable during a 35-min perfusion with pH 7.0 solution. Acid exposure increased MGT and PAS- and AB-positive perfusate glycoprotein concentrations. Indomethacin pretreatment increased both PAS- and AB-positive perfusate glycoprotein at baseline; subsequent acid superfusion decreased perfusate glycoproteins and gel thickness. PGE2 (1 mg/kg iv) simultaneously increased MGT and PAS-positive perfusate glycoprotein concentrations followed by a transient increase in AB-positive glycoprotein concentration, suggesting contributions from goblet cells and Brunner's glands. Parallel changes in MGT and perfusate glycoprotein concentration in response to luminal acid and PGE2 suggest that rapid MGT variations reflect alterations in the balance between mucus secretion and exudation, which in turn are regulated by a COX-related pathway. Luminal acid and PGE2 augment mucus secretion from goblet cells and Brunner's glands.

fluorescent microspheres; perfusate glycoprotein concentration; indomethacin; periodic acid/Schiff staining; Alcian blue staining; Brunner's glands


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