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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 281: G44-G53, 2001;
0193-1857/01 $5.00
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Vol. 281, Issue 1, G44-G53, July 2001

Vagal afferent input determines the volume dependence of rat esophageal motility patterns

Haiheng Dong1, Christopher W. Loomis2, and Detlef Bieger1

1 Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and 2 School of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3V6

The volume dependence of balloon distension-evoked esophageal rhythmic motor responses and their neural correlates was investigated in 72 urethane-anesthetized rats. With increasing balloon volume (75-200 µl), distal esophageal rhythmic contractions decreased in rate and became tonic in the range of 150-250 µl. This change in motor pattern involved only the striated musculature of the esophageal body and persisted after acute transection of the spinal cord at C2. Impulse frequency in single vagal afferents of the distal esophagus increased with intraluminal pressure over the entire range of balloon volumes tested (50-300 µl). Distension-responsive neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarii showed rhythmic burst activity (type I), tonic excitation (type II), or inhibition followed by off bursts (type III). Increasing strength of stimulation changed type I responses to nonrhythmic but intensified type II and III responses. We conclude that load-dependent changes in distal esophagus motility pattern are encoded by vagal afferents alone and do not involve a spinal afferent input even at near-noxious stimulus strengths.

esophagus; nucleus tractus solitarii; nucleus ambiguus; visceral pain


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