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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 281: G447-G458, 2001;
0193-1857/01 $5.00
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Vol. 281, Issue 2, G447-G458, August 2001

Differential expression and regulation of Na+/H+ exchanger isoforms in rabbit parietal and mucous cells

Heidi Rossmann, Thorsten Sonnentag, Alexander Heinzmann, Barbara Seidler, Oliver Bachmann, Dorothee Vieillard-Baron, Michael Gregor, and Ursula Seidler

First Department of Medicine, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany

Several Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) isoforms are expressed in the stomach, and NHE1 and NHE2 knockout mice display gastric mucosal atrophy. This study investigated the cellular distribution of the NHE isoforms NHE1, NHE2, NHE3, and NHE4 in rabbit gastric epithelial cells and their regulation by intracellular pH (pHi), hyperosmolarity, and an increase in cAMP. Semiquantitative RT-PCR and Northern blot experiments showed high NHE1 and NHE2 mRNA levels in mucous cells and high NHE4 mRNA levels in parietal and chief cells. Fluorescence optical measurements in cultured rabbit parietal and mucous cells using the pH-sensitive dye 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein and NHE isoform-specific inhibitors demonstrated that in both cell types, intracellular acidification activates NHE1 and NHE2, whereas hyperosmolarity activates NHE1 and NHE4. The relative contribution of the different isoforms to pHi- and hyperosmolarity-activated Na+/H+ exchange in the different cell types paralleled their relative expression levels. cAMP elevation also stimulated NHE4, whereas an increase in osmolarity above a certain threshold further increased NHE1 and not NHE4 activity. We conclude that in rabbit gastric epithelium, NHE1 and NHE4 regulate cell volume and NHE1 and NHE2 regulate pHi. The high NHE1 and NHE2 expression levels in mucous cells may reflect their special need for pHi regulation during high gastric acidity. NHE4 is likely involved in volume regulation during acid secretion.

Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1; Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 2; Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 4; stomach; intracellular pH regulation; intracellular pH; volume regulation


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