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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 281: G1179-G1187, 2001;
0193-1857/01 $5.00
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Vol. 281, Issue 5, G1179-G1187, November 2001

Synthesis of hepatic secretory proteins in normal adults consuming a diet marginally adequate in protein

Alan A. Jackson1, Gary Phillips1, Irene McClelland1, and Farook Jahoor2

1 Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton S016 6YD, United Kingdom; and 2 United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030-2600

The plasma concentration and hepatic synthesis rates of albumin, transthyretin, very low-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B-100 (VLDL-apoB-100), high-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein A-1, fibrinogen, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and haptoglobin were measured in six normal adults before and after consuming a protein intake of 0.6 g · kg body wt-1 · day-1 for 7 days. The synthesis of hepatic proteins was measured from the incorporation of [2H5]- phenylalanine, following prime/continuous infusion, using plasma VLDL-apoB-100 isotopic enrichment to represent the precursor pool. Synthesis of albumin declined by 50% (P < 0.001) following the lower-protein diet, VLDL-apoB-100 declined by 20% (P < 0.001), and apoA-1 declined by 16% (P < 0.05). By contrast, synthesis increased for fibrinogen (50%, P < 0.05) and haptoglobin (90%, P < 0.001). This pattern of change, with decreased synthesis of nutrient transport proteins and increased formation of acute-phase proteins, suggestive of a low-grade inflammatory response, was accompanied by increased plasma concentration of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (30%, P < 0.05). The pattern of change in the synthesis of hepatic secretory proteins following 7 days on the low-protein diet may be of functional relevance for lipid transport and the capacity to cope with stress.

protein synthesis; phenylalanine; albumin; transthyretin; very low-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B-100; high-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein A-1; fibrinogen; alpha 1-antitrypsin; haptoglobin


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