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Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 481 and Centre Claude Bernard de Recherches sur les Hépatites Virales, Hôpital Beaujon, 92118 Clichy, France
Rich
diet and lack of exercise are causing a surge in the prevalence of
obesity and hepatic steatosis, which causes "primary" steatohepatitis in some patients. Ultrastructural mitochondrial lesions, decreased activity of respiratory chain complexes, and impaired ability to synthesize ATP are observed in these patients. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may increase tumor necrosis factor-
(TNF-) production and also oxidize fat deposits. TNF- and lipid peroxidation products impair the flow of electrons along the
respiratory chain, causing overreduction of respiratory chain
components and enhanced mitochondrial ROS formation. Steatohepatitis
can also be due to alcohol, drugs, or other causes that either directly increase ROS formation or first impair respiration, which secondarily increases ROS formation. Higher ROS formation in secondary
steatohepatitis could cause more lipid peroxidation, cytokine
induction, and fibrogenesis than in primary steatohepatitis.
mitochondria; hepatitis; reactive oxygen species; superoxide dismutase
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