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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 283: G544-G552, 2002. First published October 17, 2001; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00114.2001
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Vol. 283, Issue 3, G544-G552, September 2002

Cholinergic and nitrergic regulation of in vivo giant migrating contractions in rat colon

Mona Li1, Christopher P. Johnson1,2, Mark B. Adams1, and Sushil K. Sarna1,2,3

1 Departments of Surgery and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226; 2 Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53295; and 3 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555-0632

The aim of this study was to characterize in vivo rat colonic motor activity in normal and inflamed states and determine its neural regulation. Circular muscle contractions were recorded by surgically implanted strain-gauge transducers. The rat colon exhibited predominantly giant migrating contractions (GMCs) whose frequency decreased distally. Only a small percentage of these GMCs propagated in the distal direction; the rest occurred randomly. Phasic contractions were present, but their amplitude was very small compared with that of GMCs. Inflammation induced by oral administration of dextran sodium sulfate suppressed the frequency of GMCs in the proximal and middle but not in the distal colon. Frequency of GMCs was suppressed by intraperitoneally administered atropine and 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methyl-piperidine methiodide and was enhanced by Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. Serotonin, tachykinin, and calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor or receptor subtype antagonists as well as guanethidine and suramin had no significant effect on the frequency of GMCs. Verapamil transiently suppressed the GMCs. In conclusion, unlike the canine and human colons, the rat colon exhibits frequent GMCs and their frequency is suppressed in inflammation. In vivo GMCs are stimulated by neural release of acetylcholine that acts on M3 receptors. Constitutive release of nitric oxide may partially suppress their frequency.

inflammation; diarrhea; Nomega -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; peristaltic reflex; enteric neurons


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