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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 284: G516-G524, 2003. First published December 4, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00172.2002
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Vol. 284, Issue 3, G516-G524, March 2003

Cyclooxygenase blockade and exogenous glutamine enhance sodium absorption in infected bovine ileum

Jeffrey Cole1, Anthony Blikslager2, Elaine Hunt3, Jody Gookin1, and Robert Argenzio1

Departments of 1 Molecular Biomedical Sciences, 2 Clinical Sciences, and 3 Food Animal Health and Resources Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695

We have previously shown that prostanoids inhibit electroneutral sodium absorption in Cryptosporidium parvum-infected porcine ileum, whereas glutamine stimulates electroneutral sodium absorption. We postulated that glutamine would stimulate sodium absorption via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent pathway. We tested this hypothesis in C. parvum-infected calves, which are the natural hosts of cryptosporidiosis. Tissues from healthy and infected calves were studied in Ussing chambers and analyzed via immunohistochemistry and Western blots. Treatment of infected tissue with selective COX inhibitors revealed that COX-1 and -2 must be blocked to restore electroneutral sodium absorption, although the transporter involved did not appear to be the expected Na+/H+ exchanger 3 isoform. Glutamine addition also stimulated sodium absorption in calf tissue, but although this transport was electroneutral in healthy tissue, sodium absorption was electrogenic in infected tissue and was additive to sodium transport uncovered by COX inhibition. Blockade of both COX isoforms is necessary to release the prostaglandin-mediated inhibition of electroneutral sodium uptake in C. parvum-infected calf ileal tissue, whereas glutamine increases sodium uptake by an electrogenic mechanism in this same tissue.

Cryptosporidium parvum; Na/H exchanger 3; cyclooxygenase-2; diarrhea


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