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NEUROREGULATION AND MOTILITY
Center for Ulcer Research and Education: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Center for Neurovisceral Sciences and Women's Health, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, and Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California 90073
Submitted 6 February 2003 ; accepted in final form 12 August 2003
Gastric and sphincter motility evoked by intravenous injection of CCK-8 were investigated in urethane-anesthetized rats. Digital ultrasonomicrometry was used to monitor pyloric (PYL), antral (ANT), corpus (COR), and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) movements while simultaneously measuring intragastric pressure (IGP) and, in some experiments, subdiaphragmatic intraesophageal pressure (sIEP). Intracrystal distances (ICD) were measured continuously between pairs of piezoelectric crystals affixed to the serosa of PYL, ANT, COR (circular and longitudinal), and LES. Consecutive intravenous injections of CCK-8 (0.3, 1, and 3 µg/kg) at 30-min intervals caused dose-dependent simultaneous tonic contractions of PYL and ANT, LES opening, and drops in IGP with peak changes at 3 µg/kg of -17.9 ± 2.1, -7.7 ± 2.5, 6.5 ± 1.4, and -29.2 ± 3.8%, respectively, whereas intravenous saline had no effect. Rhythmic contractile activity was inhibited by CCK-8. COR responses were not significantly different from vehicle controls for most metrics, and the direction of response for circular COR varied between preparations, although not for repeated trials in a single preparation. During the LES response to CCK-8, sIEP rose in parallel with drops in IGP, indicating formation of a common cavity. Recovery of LES ICD after intravenous CCK occurred more rapidly than recovery of PYL ICD, suggesting the importance of preventing simultaneous patency of gastroesophageal and gastroduodenal passages. The CCKA receptor antagonist devazepide (500 µg/kg intravenous) inhibited motion responses evoked by intravenous CCK-8. These data revealed CCK-8-induced gastric and sphincter activity consistent with retropulsion of gastric content.
lower esophageal sphincter; pylorus; gastric intraluminal pressure; antrum; devazepide
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