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THEMES
Division of Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Submitted 1 March 2005 ; accepted in final form 26 April 2005
Surface sensory enteroendocrine cells are established mucosal taste cells that monitor luminal contents and provide an important link in transfer of information from gut epithelium to the central nervous system. Recent studies now show that these cells can also mediate efferent signaling from the brain to the gut. Centrally elicited stimulation of vagal and sympathetic pathways induces release of melatonin, which acts at MT2 receptors to increase mucosal electrolyte secretion. Psychological factors as well mucosal endocrine cell hyperplasia are implicated in functional intestinal disorders. Central nervous influence on the release of transmitters from gut endocrine cells offers an exciting area of future gastrointestinal research with a clinical relevance.
intestinal enterochromaffin cells; irritable bowel syndrome; melatonin; orexin; uroguanylin
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