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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 289: G377-G380, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00093.2005
0193-1857/05 $8.00
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THEMES

Epithelial Cells and Their Neighbors. II. New perspectives on efferent signaling between brain, neuroendocrine cells, and gut epithelial cells

Gunnar Flemström and Markus Sjöblom

Division of Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Submitted 1 March 2005 ; accepted in final form 26 April 2005

Surface sensory enteroendocrine cells are established mucosal taste cells that monitor luminal contents and provide an important link in transfer of information from gut epithelium to the central nervous system. Recent studies now show that these cells can also mediate efferent signaling from the brain to the gut. Centrally elicited stimulation of vagal and sympathetic pathways induces release of melatonin, which acts at MT2 receptors to increase mucosal electrolyte secretion. Psychological factors as well mucosal endocrine cell hyperplasia are implicated in functional intestinal disorders. Central nervous influence on the release of transmitters from gut endocrine cells offers an exciting area of future gastrointestinal research with a clinical relevance.

intestinal enterochromaffin cells; irritable bowel syndrome; melatonin; orexin; uroguanylin



Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: G. Flemström, Division of Physiology, Dept. of Neuroscience, Uppsala Univ., BMC, P.O. Box 572, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden (e-mail:Gunnar.Flemstrom{at}Fysiologi.uu.se)




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