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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 289: G779-G784, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00203.2005
0193-1857/05 $8.00
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THEME

Epithelial Cells and Their Neighbors. IV. Bacterial contributions to intestinal epithelial barrier integrity

Anisa S. Ismail and Lora V. Hooper

Center for Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas

Mammalian intestinal surfaces are in constant and intimate contact with a vast consortium of indigenous commensal bacteria. As a result, gut epithelia have evolved an array of strategies for limiting bacterial invasion into deeper tissues, helping to preserve the mutually beneficial nature of intestinal host-microbial relationships. In this review, we discuss a growing body of evidence indicating that commensal bacteria are actively involved in shaping the very barriers that confine them to the gut lumen. By modulating epithelial inflammatory responses, antimicrobial protein expression, and tissue repair functions, indigenous microbial populations are essential for the maintenance of healthy mucosal surfaces.

intestinal bacteria; commensal; epithelium; inflammation; mucosal repair


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: L. V. Hooper, Center for Immunology, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390 (e-mail: lora.hooper{at}utsouthwestern.edu)




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