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LIVER AND BILIARY TRACT

In vitro model of acute esophagitis in the cat

¹Division of Gastroenterology, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and ²Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio

Submitted 7 June 2005 ; accepted in final form 3 July 2005

We have shown that IL-1 and IL-6, possibly originating from the mucosa in response to injury, inhibit neurally mediated contraction of esophageal circular muscle but do not affect ACh-induced contraction, reproducing the effect of experimental esophagitis on esophageal contraction. To examine the interaction of mucosa and circular muscle in inflammation, we examined the effect of HCl on in vitro esophageal mucosa and circular muscle. Circular muscle strips, when directly exposed to HCl, contracted normally. However, when circular muscle strips were exposed to supernatants of mucosa incubated in HCl (2–3 h, pH 5.8), contraction decreased, and the inhibition was partially reversed by an IL-6 antibody. Supernatants from the mucosa of animals with in vivo-induced acute esophagitis (AE) similarly reduced contraction. IL-6 levels were higher in mucosal tissue from AE animals than in control mucosa and in AE mucosa supernatants than in normal mucosa supernatants. IL-6 levels increased significantly in normal mucosa and supernatants in response to HCl, suggesting increased production and release of IL-6 by the mucosa. IL-6 increased H₂O₂ levels in the circular muscle layer but not in mucosa. Exposure of the mucosa to HCl caused IL-1 to increase only in the mucosa and not in the supernatant. These data suggest that HCl-induced damage occurs first in the mucosa, leading to the production of IL-1 and IL-6 but not H₂O₂. IL-1 appears to remain in the mucosa. In contrast, IL-6 is produced and released by the mucosa, eventually resulting in the production of H₂O₂ by the circular muscle, with this affecting circular muscle contraction.

esophageal mucosa; inflammation; smooth muscle contraction; reactive oxygen species; cytokines

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				L. Cheng, S. de la Monte, J. Ma, J. Hong, M. Tong, W. Cao, J. Behar, P. Biancani, and K. M. Harnett HCl-activated neural and epithelial vanilloid receptors (TRPV1) in cat esophageal mucosa Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, July 1, 2009; 297(1): G135 - G143. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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