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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 292: G262-G267, 2007. First published September 7, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00588.2005
0193-1857/07 $8.00
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INFLAMMATION/IMMUNITY/MEDIATORS

IL-18 mediates the formation of stress-induced, histamine-dependent gastric lesions

Hitomi Seino,1,2 Haruyasu Ueda,2 Masahiro Kokai,3 Noriko M. Tsuji,4 Shinichiro Kashiwamura,2 Yoshio Morita,1 and Haruki Okamura2

1Department of Neuropsychiatry, 2Laboratory of Host Defenses, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo; 3Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Hyogo; and 4National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan

Submitted 28 December 2005 ; accepted in final form 6 September 2006

A role of IL-18 in the induction of gastric lesions by water immersion and restraint stress (WRS) was investigated. When wild-type BALB/c mice were exposed to WRS, levels of IL-18 in the serum and stomach increased rapidly with the development of acute gastric lesions. In IL-18-deficient mice [IL-18 knockout (KO) mice] similarly exposed to WRS, no gastric lesions were observed, but the administration of IL-18 before exposure to WRS resulted in the induction of WRS-induced gastric lesions. WRS enhanced gastric histidine decarboxylase (HDC) activity with concomitant increases in gastric histamine content. In IL-18 KO mice, the WRS-induced elevation of gastric HDC activity and histamine levels was much less than that in wild-type mice, but it was augmented by prior administration of IL-18. Treatment of wild-type mice with cimetidine, a histamine H2 receptor antagonist, inhibited the formation of WRS-induced gastric lesions with no effect on the induction of gastric IL-18 by WRS. Levels of corticosterone, one of the stress indicators, were lower in IL-18 KO mice than in wild-type mice. The glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone had no effect on gastric IL-18 and histamine levels but aggravated the stress-induced gastric lesions, indicating that corticosterone was not involved in the IL-18-mediated formation of stress-induced gastric lesions. These results indicate that IL-18 is involved in the induction of gastric lesions by WRS through augmentation of HDC activity and production of histamine in the stomach.

water-immersion and restraint stress; interleukin-18; histidine decarboxylase; gastric injury


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: H. Okamura, Laboratory of Host Defenses, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 665-8501, Japan (e-mail: haruoka{at}hyo-med.ac.jp)






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