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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 294: G850-G854, 2008. First published January 31, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00523.2007
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THEMES

Endocannabinoids and Liver Disease. III. Endocannabinoid effects on immune cells: implications for inflammatory liver diseases

Pál Pacher1 and Bin Gao2

Sections on 1Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury and 2Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland

Submitted 10 November 2007 ; accepted in final form 27 January 2008

Recent studies have implicated dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system in various liver diseases and their complications (e.g., hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, and ischemia-reperfusion), and demonstrated that its modulation by either cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptor agonists or CB1 antagonists may be of significant therapeutic benefits. This review is aimed to focus on the triggers and sources of endocannabinoids during liver inflammation and on the novel role of CB2 receptors in the interplay between the activated endothelium and various inflammatory cells (leukocytes, lymphocytes, etc.), which play pivotal role in the early development and progression of inflammatory and other liver diseases.

ischemia-reperfusion; endocannabinoids; cannabinoid 2 receptor; inflammation; endothelium


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: P. Pacher, Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, 5625 Fishers Lane, MSC-9413, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9413 (e-mail: pacher{at}mail.nih.gov)




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