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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol (March 24, 2006). doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00122.2006
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Submitted on March 17, 2006
Accepted on March 21, 2006

Molecular, Functional and Pharmacological Targets For the Development of Gut Promotility Drugs

Sushil K. Sarna1*

1 Division of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Houston, Texas, United States

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sksarna{at}utmb.edu.

The science of gastrointestinal motility has made phenomenal advances during the last fifty years. Yet, there is a paucity of effective promotility drugs to treat functional bowel disorders that affect 10% to 29% of the U.S. population. A part of the reason for the lack of effective drugs is our limited understanding of the etiology of these diseases. In the absence of this information, mostly an ad hoc approach has been used to develop the currently available drugs, which are modestly effective or effective in only a subset of the patients with functional bowel disorders. This review discusses a grounds-up approach for development of the next generation of promotility drugs. The approach is based on our current understanding of: 1) the different types of contractions that produce overall motility function of mixing and orderly net distal propulsion in major gut organs; 2) the regulatory mechanisms of these contractions; 3) which receptors and intracellular signaling molecules could be targeted to stimulate specific types of contractions to accelerate or retard transit and; 4) the strengths and limitations of animal models and experimental approaches that could screen potential promotility drugs for their efficacy in human gut propulsion in functional bowel disorders.




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