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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print June 12, 2002
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 10.1152/ajpgi.00216.2001
Submitted on May 22, 2001
Accepted on June 5, 2002
1 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
2 Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
3 Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, NIEHS, RTP, NC, USA
4 Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, NIEHS, RTP, NC, USA
5 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zzhong{at}med.unc.edu.
These experiments were designed to determine if green tea extract (GTE), which contains polyphenolic free radical scavengers, would prevent hypoxia/reperfusion injury in the liver. Rats were fed a powdered diet containing 0-0.3% GTE starting 5 days prior to hepatic warm ischemia and reperfusion. Free radicals in bile were trapped with the spin trapping reagent 
-(4-pyridyl 1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone (4-POBN) and measured using ESR. Ischemia/reperfusion increases transaminase release and causes pathological changes including focal necrosis and leukocyte infiltration in the liver. Transaminase release was diminished by over 85% and pathological changes were almost totally blocked by 0.1% dietary GTE. Ischemia/reperfusion increased POBN/radical adducts nearly 2-fold, an effect largely blocked by GTE. Epicatechin, one of the major green tea polyphenols, gave similar protection as GTE. In addition, hepatic ischemia/reperfusion activated NF-
B and increased TNF mRNA and protein as well as myeloperoxidase activity. These effects were all blocked by GTE. Taken together, these results demonstrate that GTE scavenges free radicals in the liver after ischemia/reoxygenation thus preventing formation of toxic cytokines. Therefore, GTE could prove to be effective in decreasing hepatic injury in disease states where ischemia/reperfusion occurs.
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