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1 Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: edaniel{at}ualberta.ca.
The murine jejunum and LES were examined to determine the locations of various signaling molecules and their co-localization with caveolin-1 and one another. Caveolin-1 was present in punctate sites of the plasma membranes of all smooth muscles and diffusely in all classes of ICC (identified by c-kit immunoreactivity), ICC-MP, ICC-DMP, ICC-Serosa and ICC-IM. In general, all ICC also contained the L-Ca2+ channel, the PM Ca2+ pump, and the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger-1 (NCX1) localized with caveolin-1. ICC in various sites also contained Ca2+ sequestering molecules such as calreticulin and calsequestrin. Calreticulin was present also in smooth muscle, frequently in the cytosol, while calsequestrin was present in skeletal muscle of the esophagus. Gap junction proteins, connexin-43 and -40 were present in circular muscle of jejunum, but not in longitudinal muscle or in LES. In some cases, these proteins were associated with ICC-DMP. The BK Ca2+ channel was present in smooth muscle, skeletal muscle of esophagus and some ICC, but was not co-localized with caveolin-1. These findings suggest that all ICC have several Ca2+-handling and sequestering molecules, although the functions of only the L-Ca2+ channel are currently known. They also suggest that gap junction proteins are located in sites where ultrastructural gap junctions are know to exist in circular muscle of intestine, but not in other smooth muscles. These findings also point to the need to evaluate the function of Ca2+ sequestration in ICC.
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