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1 Pediatrics GI, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bitar{at}umich.edu.
Thin-filament regulation of smooth muscle contraction involves phosphorylation, association, and dissociation of contractile proteins in response to agonist stimulation. Phosphorylation of caldesmon weakens its association with actin leading to actomyosin interaction and contraction. Present data from colonic smooth muscle cells indicate that acetylcholine induced a significant association of caldesmon with PKC
and sustained phosphorylation of caldesmon at ser789. Further, acetylcholine induced significant and sustained increase in the association of phospho-caldesmon with HSP27 with concomitant increase in the dissociation of phospho-caldesmon from tropomyosin. At the thin filament level, HSP27 plays a crucial role in acetylcholine-induced association of contractile proteins. Present data from colonic smooth muscle cells transfected with non-phospho-HSP27 mutant cDNA indicate that the absence of phospho-HSP27 inhibits acetylcholine-induced caldesmon phosphorylation. Our results further indicate that the presence of phospho-HSP27 significantly enhances acetylcholine-induced sustained association of phospho-caldesmon with HSP27 with a concomitant increase in acetylcholine-induced dissociation of phospho-caldesmon from tropomyosin. We thus propose a model whereby upon acetylcholine-induced phosphorylation of caldesmon at ser789, the association of phospho-caldesmon (ser789) with phospho-HSP27 results in an essential conformational change leading to dissociation of phospho-caldesmon from tropomyosin. This leads to the sliding of tropomyosin on actin thus exposing the myosin binding sites on actin for actomyosin interaction.
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