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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol (February 1, 2007). doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00358.2006
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Submitted on August 3, 2006
Accepted on January 29, 2007

Chronic psychological stress alters epithelial cell turn-over in rat ileum

Gaelle Boudry1*, Jennifer Jury2, Ping Chang Yang2, and Mary H. Perdue3

1 UMR Systèmes d'Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine INRA/Agrocampus Rennes, Saint Gilles, France
2 Intestinal Disease Research Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
3 Intestinal Disease Research Program, Mcmaster University, Hamilton, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gaelle.boudry{at}rennes.inra.fr.

Disregulated epithelial cell kinetics associated with mucosal barrier dysfunction may be involved in certain intestinal disorders. We previously showed that chronic psychological stress, in the form of repetitive sessions of water avoidance stress (WAS), has a major detrimental impact on ileal barrier function. We hypothesized that these changes were related to a disturbance in enterocyte kinetics. Rats were submitted to WAS (1h/day) for 5 or 10 days. As previously shown, permeability to macromolecules was enhanced in rats stressed for 5 and 10 days compared to controls. WAS induced a decrease in crypt depth at day 5 associated with an increased number of apoptotic cells. Cell proliferation was significantly increased at days 5 and 10. Villus height and the specific activity of sucrase were significantly reduced at day 10. We concluded that WAS induces a disturbance of epithelial cell kinetics, with the pattern depending on the duration of the stress period. These findings help to explain the mechanism underlying altered epithelial barrier function resulting from exposure to chronic psychological stress.




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