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1 Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
2 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hishii{at}sc.itc.keio.ac.jp.
Acute ethanol exposure induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in primary rat hepatocytes. Previous data indicate that the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) is essential for ethanol-induced apoptosis. However, the mechanism by which ethanol induces the MPT remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Bax, a proapoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, in acute ethanol-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. We found that Bax translocates from the cytosol to mitochondria before mitochondrial cytochrome c release. Bax translocation was oxidative stress-dependent. Mitochondrial Bax formed a protein complex with the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC). Prevention of Bax-VDAC interactions by a microinjection of anti-VDAC antibody effectively prevented hepatocyte apoptosis by ethanol. In conclusion, these data suggest that Bax translocation from the cytosol to mitochondria leads to the subsequent formation of a Bax-VDAC complex which plays a crucial role in acute ethanol-induced hepatocyte apoptosis.
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