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1 Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
2 Department of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
3 Department of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: f.troost{at}hb.unimaas.nl.
Iron may induce oxidative damage to the intestinal mucosa by its catalyzing role in the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals. This study aimed to determine iron-induced oxidative stress provoked by a single clinical dosage of ferrous sulfate and to elucidate the antioxidant defense mechanisms in the human small intestine in vivo. A double lumen perfusion tube was positioned orogastrically into a 40-cm segment of the proximal small intestine in six healthy volunteers (25±5 y). The segment was perfused with saline and subsequently with saline containing 80 mg iron as ferrous sulfate at a rate of 10 mL/min. Intestinal fluid samples were collected at 15-min intervals. Thiobarbituraic acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations as indicator of lipid peroxidation increased significantly from 0.07(0-0.33) µM during saline perfusion to 3.35(1.19-7.27) µM during iron perfusion (P<0.05). Non-protein antioxidant capacity increased significantly from 474(162-748) µM to 1314(674-1542) µM (P<0.05). These data show that a single dosage of ferrous sulfate induces oxidative damage and the subsequent release of an antioxidant in the small intestine in vivo in healthy volunteers.
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