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1 Center for Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Irshad.Chaudry{at}ccc.uab.edu.
Although gender differences in intestinal perfusion exist following trauma-hemorrhage (T-H), it
remains unknown whether endothelin-1 (ET-1) plays any role in these dimorphic responses. To
study this, male, proestrus female (female) and 17
-estradiol-treated male (E2-male) rats
underwent midline laparotomy, hemorrhagic shock (blood pressure 40 mmHg, 90 min), and
resuscitation (Ringers lactate, 4 x shed blood volume, 1 hr). Two hours thereafter, intestinal
perfusion flow (IPF) was measured using isolated intestinal perfusion. The IPF in sham males was
significantly lower than those in other groups and decreased markedly following T-H. In contrast,
no significant decrease in IPF was observed in females and E2-males following T-H. The lower
IPF in sham males was significantly elevated by ETA receptor antagonist (BQ-123) administration
and was similar to those seen in sham females. The decreased IPF in males after T-H was also
attenuated by BQ-123 administration. The intestinal ET-1 levels in sham males were significantly
higher than in other groups. Although plasma and intestinal ET-1 levels increased significantly
after T-H in all groups, they were highest in males. Plasma E2 levels in females and E2-males
were significantly higher than in males; however, they were not affected by T-H. There was a
negative correlation between plasma ET-1 and E2 following T-H. Thus, ET-1 appears to play an
important role in intestinal perfusion failure following T-H in males. Since E2 can modulate this
vasoconstrictor effect of ET-1, these findings may partially explain the previously observed
salutary effect of estrogen in improving intestinal perfusion following T-H in males.
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