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Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 284: G655-G662, 2003. First published January 2, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00163.2002
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Vol. 284, Issue 4, G655-G662, April 2003

Effect of solid meal on gastric emptying of, and glycemic and cardiovascular responses to, liquid glucose in older subjects

Melanie K. Berry2, Antonietta Russo2, Judith M. Wishart2, Anne Tonkin1, Michael Horowitz2, and Karen L. Jones2

Departments of 1 Clinical Pharmacology and 2 Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia

Gastric emptying is a determinant of the postprandial glycemic and cardiovascular responses to oral carbohydrate. We evaluated the effects of a solid meal on gastric emptying and the glycemic and cardiovascular responses to oral glucose in healthy older subjects. Ten subjects aged 72.1 ± 1.9 yr were studied. Each subject had measurements of gastric emptying, blood glucose, serum insulin, blood pressure, and heart rate after ingestion of a 50-g glucose drink (300 ml) with (mixed meal) or without (liquid only) a solid meal (300 g ground beef). Gastric emptying of liquid was initially slightly more rapid (P < 0.05) after the mixed meal compared with liquid only at 5 min (92.0 ± 1.5 vs. 96.0 ± 1.3%) and much slower (P < 0.05) after 120 min. The time to peak blood glucose was less (39.0 ± 4.0 vs. 67.5 ± 10.3 min; P < 0.01) and blood glucose subsequently lower (P < 0.01) after the mixed meal. The increase in serum insulin was greater (P < 0.001) after the mixed meal. Blood pressure fell (P < 0.05) in the first 30 min, with no difference between the two meals. Increase in heart rate after both meals (P < 0.005), was greater (P < 0.05) after the mixed meal. The presence of a noncarbohydrate solid meal had discrepant effects on early and subsequent emptying of a nutrient liquid, which affects postprandial glycemia and increased heart rate.

glycemic control; blood pressure; postprandial hypotension; blood glucose


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